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| Title: | Sulfide tolerance and adaption in the California killifish and other shallow-water marine fishes |
| Authors: | Bagarinao, T. |
| Issue Date: | 1997 |
| Publisher: | Universiti Putra Malaysia |
| Citation: | Fisheries and the Environment: Beyond 2000: International Conference on Fisheries and the Environment: Beyond 2000: Selangor (Malaysia), 6-9 Dec 1993, p. 427 |
| Abstract: | Sulfide is a toxicant produced in hypoxic marine sediments, oil and brine seeps, and the deep-sea vents. The role of sulfide in the physiology and ecology marine fishes has not been studied. This paper examines the physiological and biochemical responses to sulfide of the California killifish Fundulus parvipinnis, a salt marsh resident and other shallow-water fishes, such as the long-jawed mudsucker Gillichthys mirabilis from the salt marsh, and the speckled sanddab Citharichthys stigmaeus from the open coast. The killifish and the mudsucker tolerate 525-700 muM total sulfide for 96 h and 5 muM sulfide for 8 h in oxygenated, flow-through seawater. The sanddab dies after 2 h in 200 muM sulfide. Possible adaptions accounting for sulfide tolerance were investigated. The cytochrome c oxidase (the major site of toxicity) in all species is inhibited by less than 1 muM sulfide. After exposure to sulfide, fishes show low sulfide and high thiosulfate concentrations in the tissues, particularly the blood, indicating detoxication in vivo at the whole-animal level. However, ferrous haemoglobin of the killifish and mudsucker neither catalyses sulfide oxidation to thiosulfate, nor binds sulfide as sulphaemoglobin at low concentration. Ferric haemoglobin ligates sulfide and catalyses its oxidation to thiosulfate. Killifish mitochondria oxidize low concentration of sulfide to thiosulfate - at maximal rates on 10-20 muM and half-maximal rates on 50 muM sulfide. Saddab mitochondria also oxidize sulfide but at low rates. Exposure of killifish to 200 muM and 700 muM sulfide over several days significantly increases blood lactate concentration, indicating shift to anaerobic glycolysis. However, fish with the most lactate die. In the killifish, sulfide tolerance and mitochondrial sulfide oxidation are constitutive and are improved by acclimation in sulfide. In conclusion, the high sulfide tolerance of Fundulus parvipinnis can be explained chiefly by mitochondrial sulfide oxidation. |
| License: | http://www.oceandocs.org/license |
| URI: | http://agris.upm.edu.my:8080/dspace/handle/0/9909 |
| ISBN: | 967-960-072-6 |
| Appears in Collections: | Publications
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